Prevalence and Hematological Profile of Anemia Among Different Age Groups Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital
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Published in Vol. 1 No. 1 (2026) of Research Edge International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies.
Research Edge International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies is a peer-reviewed international journal dedicated to publishing high-quality research articles across diverse academic disciplines including science, medicine, engineering, social sciences, and humanities. The journal aims to promote interdisciplinary research and academic excellence.
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Anemia is a common hematological disorder and a significant public health concern, especially in developing countries. It affects individuals of all age groups and is associated with reduced work capacity, impaired cognition, and increased morbidity. This hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of anemia and evaluate the hematological profile of anemic patients across different age groups attending a tertiary care teaching hospital.
A total of 200 subjects referred for routine hematological investigations were included. Hemoglobin estimation, complete blood count, red cell indices, and peripheral blood smear examination were performed using standard laboratory procedures. Anemia was classified according to World Health Organization criteria based on age- and sex-specific hemoglobin cut-off values.
Out of 200 subjects, 132 (66%) were found to be anemic. The highest prevalence was observed among children and adolescents (77.4%), followed by adults (60.8%) and the elderly (61.1%). Females showed a higher prevalence (73.9%) compared to males (59.3%). Moderate anemia was the most common severity (45.5%). The mean hemoglobin level among anemic subjects was 9.1 ± 1.8 g/dL. Red cell indices and peripheral smear findings indicated that microcytic hypochromic anemia was the predominant morphological type.
Significant variation in hematological parameters across age groups (p < 0.05) highlights the importance of age-wise evaluation for accurate diagnosis and management. The study underscores the value of routine hematological screening for early detection and classification of anemia to improve patient care and preventive strategies.
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